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SPECIAL NUTRIENTS
1)R-162: Active hexose correlated compound enhances immune function in microgravity analog for space fl ight effects in mice. Mari Kogiso (1, 2), Koji Wakame (1,3), Mehran Haidari (4), Eva Golunski (4), Mohammad Madjid (4), Tohru Sakai (2,5), Shigeru Yamamoto (6), Anil D. Kulkarni (1,*). (1) Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center and GSBS at Houston, Houston, USA, (2) International Nutrition, Institution of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan, (3) Amino Up Chemical Co; Ltd., Sapporo, Japan
2) R-253: Are mineral and trace element contents of hospital diets suffi cient to hospitalized patients? Kuo-Cheng Lin,1 Mei-Due Yang (1,2), Chin-Ching Wu (3), Walter Chen,(4) Guoo-Shyng Wang Hsu (5). Department of Clinical Nutrition (1), Department of Surgery (2), China Medical University Hospital China Medical University (3), China Medical University Beigang Hospital (4), Fu Jen Catholic University (5), Taiwan.
3) R-375: Bovine colostrum effects on serum cytokine levels after intestinal ischemia/ reperfusion in rats. Han Sung Choi and Young Gwan Ko. Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-702, Korea
ABSTRACTS OF POSTER PRESENTATION
R – 162 * (top) / Oral presentation
Active hexose correlated compound enhances immune function in microgravity analog for space flight effects in mice
Mari Kogiso(1, 2), Koji Wakame(1, 3), Mehran Haidari(4), Eva Golunski(4), Mohammad Madjid(4), Tohru Sakai(2, 5), Shigeru Yamamoto(6), Anil D. Kulkarni(1,*)
(1)Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center and GSBS at Houston, Houston, USA; (2)International Nutrition, Institution of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan; (3)Amino Up Chemical Co; Ltd., Sapporo, Japan; (4)Cardiology, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, USA; (5)Clinical Nutrition, Institution of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan; (6)Ochanomizu University Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
Objectives: Microgravity-induced immune dysfunction is a potential risk to astronauts and space mission. This report presents assessment of a potential nutritional countermeasure for prevention of immune dysfunction in microgravity. Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC), a compound from fermented extract of the mycelia of Basidiomycetes mushrooms has immunomodulating effects. We examined the role of AHCC supplementation on microgravityinduced immune changes employing hindlimb unloading (HU) of mice as a microgravity analog.
Methods: BALB/c mice (8-10 weeks old) were divided into 2 main groups, HU and non-HU. Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups (5 mice/group) receiving drinking water containing 0, 0.1, 1, and 10 g/kg bw/day AHCC, respectively, for 7 days. On day 7, splenocytes from experimental mice were cultured with Con A and LPS to stimulate T cell and B cell, respectively, for 48 hours and proliferative response was measured by tritiated thymidine uptake. Further, LPSstimulated cytokine and chemokine productions in supernatants were measured using Bio-Plex suspension array system. Statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA.
Results: Proliferative responses to Con A and LPS were signifi cantly decreased in HU group as compared to non-HU group (p<0.05, p<0.005, respectively). AHCC supplementation reversed these responses. AHCC was most effective at 1 g/kg bw/day dose. LPS-stimulated cytokines (IL-1 , IL-1 , IL-6) and chemokines (MIP-1 , MIP-1 , G-CSF, KC) productions were increased in HU group as compared to non-HU group. AHCC supplementation further increased those levels in HU group.
Conclusions: AHCC supplementation ameliorates HU-induced immune suppression of T and B cell functions. Increased cytokine and chemokine productions in mice in AHCC-fed HU group suggest enhanced proinfl ammatory response. These data suggest that AHCC supplementation under microgravity may have benefi cial role in maintenance of immune system.
R - 253* (top) / Oral presentation
Are mineral and trace element contents of hospital diets suffi cient to hospitalized patients
Kuo-Cheng Lin(1), Mei-Due Yang(1,2), Chin-Ching Wu(3), Walter Chen(4), Guoo-Shyng Wang Hsu(5)
Department of Clinical Nutrition(1), Department of Surgery(2), China Medical University Hospital China Medical University(3), China Medical University Beigang Hospital(4), Fu Jen Catholic University(5), Taiwan.
Objective: The hospital diet belongs to the quantitative food preparation. Bleeching usually is the fi rst step of cooking, especially for the green vegetables. However, minerals are lost from the draining. If there is suffi cient amount of minerals in the hospital diets need to be
concerned, especially for patients in the longterm medical care facility.
Methods: 126 samples (Normal diets and eight therapeutic diets of spring and autumn menu of in–patient) were collected from a medical center in central Taiwan. Calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, Chromium and molybdenum of samples of above diet were analyzed by using of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrum (ICPMS ) analyzer, Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometer ( ICPOES ) and/or the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Data were evaluated by t-test (SAS software release 8.0; procedure guide SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Differences with P-values 0.05 were considered signifi cant
Result: Calcium and magnesium contents in all diets were unable to meet Dietary Reference Intake (RDIs) of the nutrients. Iron contents
of all diets could meet DRI for adult males (10 mg/day). Except the parturient diet, other diets were unable meet the DRIs for Zinc. With the
exception of the vegetarian diet, which showed a serious deficiency in selenium and iron levels, all other diet were able to provide suffi cient
levels of copper, selenium manganese chromium, molybdenum, and other trance elements, to meet the DRIs. Manganese, Chromium, and Molybdenum on some kinds of diets were signifi cantly different between spring and autumn.
Conclusion: The integration of this study’s results suggests that there is a need to add more calcium rich magnesium-rich, and iron-rich foods in the parturient diet, and calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc foods and/or nutrient supplement in all other diets when a dietitian plans and designs these diets.
R - 375 (top)
Bovine colostrum effects on serum cytokine levels after intestinal ischemia/ reperfusion in rats
Han Sung Choi and Young Gwan Ko
Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-702, Korea
Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effects of bovine colostrum (BC) on serum cytokine levels in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injured rats.
Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (one sham operation group and three experimental groups). The rats’ intestinal I/R injuries were induced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 30 min. After 3-hours reperfusion and twice daily during the experiment, the experimental group was given BC (4 ml/kg/day) per oral route (PO) and the other groups received 0.9% saline and low fat milk (LFM) after intestinal I/R injury. Seventy-two hours later we assessed the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL 10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α of the rats.
Results: IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α serum levels were signifi cantly reduced in rats with BC feeding after I/R when compared to rats with LFM/saline feeding after I/R (p<0.05). Serum level of IL-10 (220±69.8 pg/ml) was reduced in rats with BC feeding after I/R when compared to rats with LFM/saline feeding after I/R (266±81.9 pg/ ml/273±76.3 pg/ml), but there was no signifi cant difference (p=0.195/0.165).
Conclusion: BC reduced the serum cytokine levels in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injured rats. This result, in the various complicated systems that generate cytokines, suggested that generally BC might be effective in the direction of down-regulation.
Keywords: Cytokines, bovine colostrum, intestinal ischemia/reperfusion